1,000
1
S
1,000,000
µS
1,000
mS
1,000
1
S
1,000,000
µS
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The Electric Conductance Converter converts between units of electrical conductance, the reciprocal of resistance. Conductance, measured in siemens (S), indicates how easily electric current flows through a conductor or material.
The siemens (formerly called the mho, the inverse spelling of ohm) is defined as one ampere per volt (A/V), or equivalently, the reciprocal of one ohm. It is named after Werner von Siemens, the German inventor and industrialist. The old unit name mho (℧) is still occasionally used, particularly in American engineering texts.
Conductance is the inverse of resistance: G = 1/R, where G is conductance in siemens and R is resistance in ohms. While resistance tells you how much a component opposes current flow, conductance tells you how readily it permits current flow. The two representations are mathematically equivalent but offer different intuitive perspectives.
Conductance is particularly useful in parallel circuit analysis (where conductances simply add), water quality measurement (conductivity in µS/cm), electrochemistry, and semiconductor characterization. Conductivity meters for water purity typically read in µS/cm or mS/cm.
Typical conductance values: ultra-pure water has conductivity of about 0.055 µS/cm, tap water 200–800 µS/cm, seawater 50,000 µS/cm (50 mS/cm). In electronics, a 1 kΩ resistor has a conductance of 1 mS, and a 1 MΩ resistor has a conductance of 1 µS.
All values are normalized to siemens (S). SI prefix conversions: pico = 10⁻¹², nano = 10⁻⁹, micro = 10⁻⁶, milli = 10⁻³, kilo = 10³. The mho is exactly equal to the siemens: 1 mho = 1 S.
To convert from resistance to conductance: G (S) = 1 / R (Ω). For example, 470 Ω = 1/470 = 2.128 mS. Conductance is additive in parallel: two 1 mS conductances in parallel = 2 mS (equivalent to 500 Ω).
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0.005 S = 5 mS (200 Ω)
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1000 µS = 0.001 S (1 kΩ)
The siemens (S) is the SI unit of electrical conductance. It is the reciprocal of the ohm: 1 S = 1/Ω = 1 A/V. Named after Werner von Siemens.
They are exactly the same unit. The mho (℧) is the older name (ohm spelled backward). The SI adopted 'siemens' in 1971, but 'mho' is still used informally.
Conductance (S) = 1 / Resistance (Ω). For example, 1000 Ω = 0.001 S = 1 mS.
In parallel circuits, total conductance is the sum of individual conductances: G_total = G1 + G2 + G3... This is simpler than the reciprocal formula needed for parallel resistances.
Conductance is a property of a specific component (in siemens). Conductivity is a material property (in S/m or µS/cm), independent of the component's size and shape.
Water conductivity is measured in µS/cm or mS/cm using a conductivity meter. Pure water: ~0.055 µS/cm. Tap water: 200-800 µS/cm. Seawater: ~50 mS/cm.
Transconductance (gm) is the ratio of output current change to input voltage change in transistors. It is measured in siemens (S) or millisiemens (mS).
Multiply millisiemens by 1000. For example, 0.5 mS = 500 µS.
A 1-meter, 1mm² copper wire has resistance ~17 mΩ, so conductance ~59 S. Copper's conductivity is 5.96 x 10^7 S/m.
Yes, like resistance, conductance changes with temperature. For metals, conductance decreases with temperature. For electrolytes, conductance typically increases with temperature.
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